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Compare Norfolk Island (2005) - Christmas Island (2002)

Compare Norfolk Island (2005) z Christmas Island (2002)

 Norfolk Island (2005)Christmas Island (2002)
 Norfolk IslandChristmas Island
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) none (territory of Australia)
Age structure 0-14 years: 20.2%


15-64 years: 63.9%


65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.)
0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%
Agriculture - products Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry NA
Airports 1 (2004 est.) 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 34.6 sq km


land: 34.6 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 135 sq km


land: 135 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.
Birth rate NA NA births/1,000 population
Budget revenues: $20 million


expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00)
revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital Kingston The Settlement
Climate subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds
Coastline 32 km 80 km
Constitution Norfolk Island Act of 1979 NA
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island


conventional short form: Norfolk Island
conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island


conventional short form: Christmas Island
Currency - Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate NA NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external NA $NA
Dependency status territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient NA $NA
Economy - overview Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, slated to begin operation in 2003.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh NA kWh
Electricity - production NA kWh NA kWh
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: NA%


hydro: NA%


nuclear: NA%


other: NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Murray Hill 361 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Ethnic groups descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%


note: no indigenous population (2001)
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)


head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator


elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999)


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00) $NA
Exports - commodities postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados phosphate
Exports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe Australia, NZ
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 July - 30 June
Flag description three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory
GDP - purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - NA purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - real growth rate NA NA%
Geographic coordinates 29 02 S, 167 57 E 10 30 S, 105 40 E
Geography - note most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean
Highways total: 80 km


paved: 53 km


unpaved: 27 km (2001)
total: 140 km (not including 100 km that is maintained by private industry)


paved: 30 km


unpaved: 110 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) $NA
Imports - commodities NA consumer goods
Imports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe principally Australia
Independence none (territory of Australia) none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate NA NA%
Industries tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA NA%
International organization participation UPU none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2000)
Irrigated land NA NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force 1,345 NA
Labor force - by occupation tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10% tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100%


note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (1998 est.)
Languages English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian English (official), Chinese, Malay
Legal system based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)
unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)


elections: last held NA December 2001 (next to be held NA December 2002)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
Literacy NA NA
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia
Map references Oceania Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
contiguous zone: 12 NM


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia defense is the responsibility of Australia
National holiday Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) NA
Nationality noun: Norfolk Islander(s)


adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
noun: Christmas Islander(s)


adjective: Christmas Island
Natural hazards typhoons (especially May to July) the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources fish phosphate, beaches
Net migration rate NA NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders none none
Political pressure groups and leaders none none
Population 1,828 (July 2005 est.) 474 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate -0.01% (2005 est.) -9% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade Flying Fish Cove
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 1,000 (1997)
Railways - 24 km to serve phosphate mines
Religions Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census) Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)
Sex ratio NA NA
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: adequate


domestic: free local calls


international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station
general assessment: service provided by the Australian network


domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available


international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use 2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) NA
Television broadcast stations 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005) NA
Terrain volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau
Total fertility rate NA NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate 0% NA%
Waterways - none
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